|
1592Galileo Galilei, professor of mathematics at the
University of Pisa, drops two spheres of different masses from the Leaning
Tower of Pisa to demonstrate that their
time of descent is
independent of their mass.
This disproves the theory of gravity
according to Aristotle which states objects fall at speed proportional to their
mass.
1611
Galileo Galilei comes to the
attention of the Inquisition for the first time for his Copernican views.
1615
Dominican friar, Niccolo Lorini,
who had earlier criticized Galileo's view in private conversations, files a
written complaint with the Inquisition against Galileo's Copernican views.
Galileo subsequently writes a long letter defending his views to
Monsignor Piero Dini, a well connected
official in the Vatican, he then writes his Letter to the Grand Duchess
Christina arguing for freedom of inquiry and travels to Rome to defend his
ideas
1616
A committee of consultants
declares to the Inquisition that the propositions that
the Sun is the center of the universe and
that the Earth has an annual
motion are absurd in
philosophy, at least erroneous in
theology, and formally a heresy.
On orders of the Pope
Paul V, Cardinal Bellarmine calls Galileo to his residence and administers
a warning not to hold or defend the Copernican theory.
Galileo is
forbidden to discuss Copernican theory orally or in writing.
1624
Galileo meets repeatedly with his (at that time)
friend and patron Pope
Urban VIII, he is allowed to write about the Copernican theory as long as
he treated it as a mathematical hypothesis.
1625
A complaint against Galileo's publication The Assayer is lodged
at the Inquisition by a person unknown.
The complaint charges that the atomistic theory
embraced in this book cannot be reconciled with the official church doctrine
regarding the Eucharist,
in which bread and wine are
"transubstantiated'' into Christ's flesh and blood.
After an
investigation by the Inquisition, Galileo is exonerated.
1630
Dialogue Concerning the Two Chief World
Systems, in which the Ptolemaic and Copernican
models are discussed and compared, is cleared (conditionally) to be published
by the Vatican.
1632
Pope Urban VIII,
convinced by the arguments of various Church officials, stops the distribution
of Dialogue Concerning the Two Chief World Systems.
The case is
referred to the Inquisition and Galileo is summoned to Rome despite his
infirmities.
1633
Galileo is ordered to
stand trial on suspicion of heresy, "for holding as true the false doctrine
taught by some that the sun is the center of reality".
Galileo is
interrogated and threatened with physical torture.
June 22, 1633
Galileo is
found guilty of heresy, and the sentence
of the Inquisition is in three parts:
1) Galileo
is found "vehemently suspect of heresy,"
namely of having held the opinions that the Sun lies motionless at the center
of the universe, that the Earth is not at its centre and moves, and that
one may hold and defend an opinion as probable
after it has been declared
contrary to Holy Scripture.
He was required to "abjure, curse, and
detest" those opinions.
2) He is sentenced to formal imprisonment at the
pleasure of the Inquisition.
On the following day this is commuted to
house arrest, in which he remains under for the rest of his life.
3)
His offending Dialogue is banned; and in an action not announced at the
trial, publication of any of his works is forbidden, including any he might
write in the future.
Galileo's work advocating
Copernicanism remains
on the Index of banned books until 1758.
His sentence prohibited him
from "teaching, defending or discussing"
Copernicanism.
In Germany, the works of
Johannes Kepler are also
banned by papal order. |
|
 |
This web site is not a commercial web site and
is presented for educational purposes only.
This website defines a
new perspective with which to engage reality to which its author adheres. The
author feels that the falsification of reality outside personal experience has
forged a populace unable to discern propaganda from reality and that this has
been done purposefully by an international corporate cartel through their
agents who wish to foist a corrupt version of reality on the human race.
Religious intolerance occurs when any group refuses to tolerate religious
practices, religious beliefs or persons due to their religious ideology. This
web site marks the founding of a system of philosophy named The Truth of the
Way of the Lumière Infinie - a rational gnostic mystery religion based
on reason which requires no leap of faith, accepts no tithes, has no supreme
leader, no church buildings and in which each and every individual is
encouraged to develop a personal relation with the Creator and Sustainer
through the pursuit of the knowledge of reality in the hope of curing the
spiritual corruption that has enveloped the human spirit. The tenets of The
Truth of the Way of the Lumière Infinie are spelled out in detail on
this web site by the author. Violent acts against individuals due to their
religious beliefs in America is considered a "hate crime."
This web site
in no way condones violence. To the contrary the intent here is to reduce the
violence that is already occurring due to the international corporate cartels
desire to control the human race. The international corporate cartel already
controls the world economic system, corporate media worldwide, the global
industrial military entertainment complex and is responsible for the collapse
of morals, the elevation of self-centered behavior and the destruction of
global ecosystems. Civilization is based on cooperation. Cooperation does not
occur at the point of a gun.
American social mores and values have
declined precipitously over the last century as the corrupt international
cartel has garnered more and more power. This power rests in the ability to
deceive the populace in general through corporate media by pressing emotional
buttons which have been preprogrammed into the population through prior
corporate media psychological operations. The results have been the destruction
of the family and the destruction of social structures that do not adhere to
the corrupt international elites vision of a perfect world. Through distraction
and coercion the direction of thought of the bulk of the population has been
directed toward solutions proposed by the corrupt international elite that
further consolidates their power and which further their purposes.
All
views and opinions presented on this web site are the views and opinions of
individual human men and women that, through their writings, showed the
capacity for intelligent, reasonable, rational, insightful and unpopular
thought. All factual information presented on this web site is believed to be
true and accurate and is presented as originally presented in print media which
may or may not have originally presented the facts truthfully. Opinion and
thoughts have been adapted, edited, corrected, redacted, combined, added to,
re-edited and re-corrected as nearly all opinion and thought has been
throughout time but has been done so in the spirit of the original writer with
the intent of making his or her thoughts and opinions clearer and relevant to
the reader in the present time.
Fair Use Notice
This site may contain copyrighted material the use of which has
not always been specifically authorized by the copyright owner. We are making
such material available in our efforts to advance understanding of criminal
justice, human rights, political, economic, democratic, scientific, and social
justice issues, etc. We believe this constitutes a 'fair use' of any such
copyrighted material as provided for in section 107 of the US Copyright Law. In
accordance with Title 17 U.S.C. Section 107, the material on this site is
distributed without profit to those who have expressed a prior interest in
receiving the included information for research and educational purposes. For
more information see: www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/17/107.shtml. If you wish to
use copyrighted material from this site for purposes of your own that go beyond
'fair use', you must obtain permission from the copyright owner. |
 Copyright
© Lawrence Turner
All Rights Reserved
|