HIV-infected cells persist only for a day or
two.
|
| HIV vaccine development
presents novel challenges on multiple levels. The chief challenge is HIV human retrovirus replicates by irreversibly inserting its genes into the host genome. HIV infection is established permanently in a matter of days or even hours, and it cannot be cleared by primary or anamnestic responses. In addition to integrating into the host genome, HIV replicates in CD4+ T cells that are key players in protective immunity. These features suggest a different path to a HIV vaccine from traditional design that led to successful vaccines against other infectious agents. Inability to yield an HIV vaccine became abundantly clear in six large HIV vaccine trials, where efficacy was not observed. Strikingly, vaccination increased the risk of infection in two of these studies that selectively targeted T lymphocyte immunity, providing a stark contrast between the development of conventional and HIV vaccines. |
Cannabis in HIV-associated sensory neuropathy: a randomized placebo-controlled trial
Cannabinoid inhibits HIV-1 adhesion of monocyte cells to extracellular matrix proteins
Pre-existing and de novo humoral immunity to SARS-CoV-2 in humans
SARS-CoV-2 T lymphocyte epitopes define heterologous and COVID-19-induced T lymphocyte recognition
SARS-CoV-2-specific T cell immunity in cases of COVID-19 and SARS
1983 French team at the Pasteur Institute in Paris led by Luc Montagnier, publish a paper in Science describing a retrovirus, LAV (lymphadenopathy associated virus), isolated from a patient at risk for AIDS.
LAV affects the way the immune system works.
May 6, 1983 "The disease was first believed to be confined to a particular epidemiologically defined segment of the population.
Earlier hypotheses suggested there was something within the lifestyle of male homosexuals that predisposed them to this syndrome.
Theories put forth suggesting drugs such as amyl nitrite, antigenic overload, and medications taken for multiple infections affecting male homosexuals." - Anthony S. Fauci, National Institutes of Health; Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome: Ever-Broadening Clinical Spectrum
May 4, 1984 Robert Gallo, an observer at the National Cancer Institute where he has worked for 30 years mainly as head of the Laboratory of Tumor Cell Biology, and collaborators publish a series of four papers in Science demonstrating that a retrovirus they claim to have isolated is the cause of AIDS, HTLV-III, related to the leukaemia virus of Gallo's earlier work.
Method of continuous production of retrovirus (HTLV-III)
1987 Immune system compromise brings AIDS companion cancers include Kaposi sarcoma, aggressive βlymphocyte non-Hodgkin lymphoma and cervical cancer.
Other cancers linked to immune compromised by HIV/AIDS are head and neck, anal, lung, testicle, skin, and liver cancers as well as Hodgkin lymphoma.
Out of court settlement between the National Institutes of Health (NIH)and Pasteur Institute in Paris.
Cannabis Enhances Bipolar Patients' Neurocognitive Performance
Do 5 Million Americans Really Have Bipolar Disorder?
Immune activation by casein dietary antigens
Cognitive and clinical outcomes associated with
cannabis use
in patients with bipolar I disorder
Bipolar disorder and the endocannabinoid system
| Results from
our analysis suggest that subjects with bipolar disorder and history of
cannabis use disorders demonstrate significantly better neurocognitive
performance, particularly on measures of attention,
processing speed, and working memory. These findings are consistent with a previous study that demonstrated that bipolar subjects with history of cannabis use had superior verbal fluency performance as compared to bipolar patients without a history of cannabis use (Ringen et al., 2010). Similar results have also been found in schizophrenia in several studies (Rabin et al., 2011). These data could be interpreted to suggest that cannabis use may have a beneficial effect on cognitive functioning in patients with severe psychiatric disorders. |
1988 Amalgamated HepB vaccine introduced.
1991 Amalgamated HepB vaccine mandated by Centers for Disease Control in 44 US states for initial use in infants as young as two months.
New York Times, Mar 17th, "US Vaccine Plan Uses Welfare Offices": Feds are considered denying nutritional benefits to families who refuse vaccinations.
The begins the process of mandating Hepatitis B vaccinations for all infants in the United States. Many infants receive multiple doses from birth.
Following years of controversy surrounding the out of court settlement between the National Institutes of Health and the Pasteur Institute, Gallo admits the virus he claimed to have discovered in 1984 is in reality a virus sent to him from France the year before, putting an end to a six-year effort by Gallo and his employer, the National Institutes of Health, to claim the AIDS virus as an independent discovery.
Hepatitis B vaccination of male neonates and autism diagnosis
Court Admits Hepatitis B Vaccine Caused Fatal Autoimmune Disorder
Connective Tissue Disease Following Hepatitis B Vaccination
1993 "This paper shows how to equate different aspects of imperfection in a prophylactic vaccine in terms of impact upon levels of herd immunity, and hence upon the vaccine coverage required for eradication.
Such comparisons reveal that an otherwise perfect vaccine that gives protection which wanes with a half-life of 10 years is only as good as a vaccine that works in 30% of people giving them complete, lifelong protection." - Imperfect vaccines and herd immunity to HIV
1994 20,000 American children and adolescents are diagnosed with bipolar disorder.
1995 Gallo with his colleagues Paolo Lusso and Fiorenza Cocchi publish their discovery that chemokines, a class of naturally occurring compounds, are potent and specific HIV inhibitors.
This discovery is heralded by Science magazine as one of the top scientific breakthroughs of the year.
The role chemokines play in controlling the progression of HIV infection influences thinking on how AIDS works against the human immune system.
1996 "Despite unanimous literature of double-blind studies indicating antiDepressant are no more effective than placebo in treating depression in children and adolescents, such medications continue to be in wide use." - Rhoda L. Fisher and Seymour Fisher, "antiDepressant for Children," The Journal of Nervous and Mental Diseases (1996, v.184, no.2)
Gallo, Robert R. Redfield and William A. Blattner, found the Institute of Human Virology.
Autoimmune adverse events following hepatitis B immunization
Chronic
fatigue/fibromyalgia follow immunization with hepatitis B vaccine:
'autoimmune (auto-inflammatory) syndrome
induced by adjuvants' (ASIA)
2003 800,000 children and adolescents are diagnosed with bipolar disorder - exponentially increasing 40 times levels 9 years earlier.
2005 Dr. Frederick K. Goodwin warns that children with bipolar disorder who were left untreated could suffer brain damage.
Dr. Frederick K. Goodwin, a former director of the National Institute of Mental Health, and host of the popular public radio program "The Infinite Mind," produced by Lichtenstein Creative Media, earns at least $1.3 million from 2000 to 2007 giving marketing lectures for drugmakers.
"Boys, behaving aggressively exhibiting irritable behavior become compliant when given mood stabilizers and parents are relieved of the stigma of poor parenting as bipolar disorder is thought to be an inherited trait."
Modern treatments - mood stabilizers in particular - have been proven both
safe and effective
in
bipolar children." -
Frederick K. Goodwin "I call it the juvenile bipolar juggernaut. The diagnoses has been broadened considerably and I think that's a big problem." - Joseph Woolston, Yale
"The risk of violence on these drugs has been known for 50 years.
Giving these drugs to healthy volunteers can cause them to become violent.
The data has been out there in warnings in many countries for years.
There is no doctor who can say they have been unaware of this issue.
If there are, they are simply not professional." - David Healy
2007 Gallo and his team are awarded a $15 million grant from the Gates Foundation for research into a preventive vaccine for HIV/AIDS.
2010 Abstract:
"To develop safer and more effective vectors for gene therapy of X-linked severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID-X1), we have evaluated new self-inactivating lentiviral vectors based on the HIV virus.
The CL20i4-hγc-Revgen vector contains the entire human common γ chain (γc) genomic sequence driven by the γc promoter.
The CL20i4-EF1α -hγcOPT vector uses a promoter fragment from the eukaryotic elongation factor alpha (EF1α ) gene to express a codon-optimized human γc cDNA.
Both vectors contain a 400-bp insulator fragment from the chicken ß-globin locus within the self-inactivating long-terminal repeat.
Transduction of bone marrow cells using either of these vectors restored T, B, and natural killer lymphocyte development and function in a mouse SCID-X1 transplantation model.
Transduction of human CD34+ bone marrow cells from SCID-X1 patients with either vector restored T lymphocyte development in an in vitro assay.
In safety studies using a Jurkat LMO2 activation assay, only the CL20i4-EF1α-hγcOPT vector lacked the ability to transactivate LMO2 protein expression, whereas the CL20i4-hγc-Revgen vector significantly activated LMO2 protein expression.
In addition, the CL20i4-EF1α-hγcOPT vector has not caused any tumors in transfected mice.
We conclude that the CL20i4-EF1a-hγcOPT vector may be suitable for testing in a clinical trial based on these preclinical demonstrations of efficacy and safety.
A self-inactivating lentiviral vector for SCID-X1 gene therapy
2011 Gallo and his team received $23.4 million from a consortium of funding sources to support the next phase of research into the Institute of Human Virology's (IHV) promising HIV/AIDS preventive vaccine candidate.
The IHV vaccine program grants included $16.8 million from the Gates Foundation, $2.2 million from the U.S. Army's Military HIV Research Program (MHRP), and other research funding from a variety of sources including the National Institutes of Health.
2019 Abstract:
Gene correction in human long-term hematopoietic stem cells (LT-HSCs) could be an effective therapy for monogenic diseases of the blood and immune system.
Here we describe an approach for X-linked sSevere cCombined iImmunodeficiency (SCID-X1) using targeted integration of a cDNA into the endogenous start codon to functionally correct disease-causing mutations throughout the gene.
Using a CRISPR-Cas9/AAV6 based strategy, we achieve up to 20% targeted integration frequencies in LT-HSCs.
As measures of the lack of toxicity we observe no evidence of abnormal hematopoiesis following transplantation and no evidence of off-target mutations using a high-fidelity Cas9 as a ribonucleoprotein complex.
We achieve high levels of targeting frequencies (median 45%) in CD34+ HSPCs from six SCID-X1 patients and demonstrate rescue of lymphopoietic defect in a patient derived HSPC population in vitro and in vivo.
In sum, our study provides specificity, toxicity and efficacy data supportive of clinical development of genome editing to treat SCID-Xl.
Gene correction for SCID-X1 in long-term hematopoietic stem cells
Chronic administration of Δ9tetrahydrocannabinol induces intestinal anti-inflammatory mRNA expression
| Gastrointestinal (GI) tract disease/inflammation is a hallmark of
HIV/SIV infection. Recreational and medical use of cannabis among human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected individuals has increased in recent years. In simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV)-infected macaques, chronic administration of Δ9tetrahydrocannabinol (Δ9THC) inhibited viral replication and intestinal inflammation and slowed disease progression. Persistent gastrointestinal inflammation has been proposed to facilitate microbial translocation and systemic immune activation and promote disease progression. Cannabinoids including Δ9THC attenuated intestinal inflammation in mouse colitis models and SIV-infected rhesus macaques. To determine if the anti-inflammatory effects of Δ9THC involved differential mRNA (mRNA) modulation, we profiled mRNA expression at 14, 30, and 60 days postinfection (days p.i.) in the intestine of uninfected macaques receiving Δ9THC (n=3) and SIV-infected macaques administered either vehicle (VEH/SIV; n=4) or THC (THC/SIV; n=4). Chronic Δ9THC administration to uninfected macaques significantly and positively modulated intestinal mRNA expression by increasing the total number of differentially expressed mRNAs from 14 to 60 days p.i. At 60 days p.i., ~28% of mRNAs showed decreased expression in the VEH/SIV group compared to none showing decrease in the THC/SIV group. Furthermore, compared to the VEH/SIV group, THC selectively upregulated the expression of miR-10a, miR-24, miR-99b, miR-145, miR-149, and miR-187, previously been shown to target proinflammatory molecules. NOX4, a potent reactive oxygen species generator, was confirmed as a direct miR-99b target. A significant increase in NOX4+ crypt epithelial cells was detected in VEH/SIV macaques compared to the THC/SIV group. We speculate that miR-99b-mediated NOX4 downregulation may protect the intestinal epithelium from oxidative stress-induced damage. These results support a role for differential mRNA induction in THC-mediated suppression of intestinal inflammation. Whether similar mRNA modulation occurs in other tissues requires further investigation. Previously, we showed that chronic treatment of SIV-infected macaques with Δ9tetrahydrocannabinol (Δ9THC) increased survival and decreased viral replication and infection-induced gastrointestinal inflammation. Here, we show that chronic THC administration to SIV-infected macaques induced an anti-inflammatory mRNA expression profile in the intestine at 60 days p.i. These included several mRNAs bioinformatically predicted to directly target CXCL12, a chemokine known to regulate lymphocyte and macrophage trafficking into the intestine. Specifically, mR-99b was significantly upregulated in THC-treated SIV-infected macaques and confirmed to directly target NADPH oxidase 4 (NOX4), a reactive oxygen species generator known to damage intestinal epithelial cells. Elevated mR-99b expression was associated with a significantly decreased number of NOX4+ epithelial cells in the intestines of THC-treated SIV-infected macaques. Overall, our results show that selective upregulation of anti-inflammatory mRNA expression contributes to THC-mediated suppression of gastrointestinal inflammation and maintenance of intestinal homeostasis. |
Δ9Tetrahydrocannabinol
Promotes Neuroimmune-Modulatory mRNA
Profile in Striatum of Simian
Immunodeficiency Virus (SIV)
Cannabinoids inhibit migration of microglial-like cells to the HIV protein Tat
Marijuana Smoking Does Not Accelerate Progression of Liver Disease in HIV–Hepatitis C Coinfection
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 This website defines a new philosophical ideology to which its author adheres. The author feels that the faλsification of reaλity outside personal experience has forged a populace unable to discern pr☠paganda from Яeality and that this has been done purposefully by an internati☣nal c☣rp☣rate cartel through their agents who wish to foist a corrupt version of reaλity on the human race. Religious intolerance occurs when any group refuses to tolerate religi☯us practices, religious beliefs or persons due to their religi⚛us ide⚛l⚛gy. This web site marks the founding of a mystery school ªptly nªmed the Mŷsterŷ of the Lumière Infinie - a ra☨ional gnos☨ic mys☨ery re☦igion based on reaso🐍 which requires no leap of faith, accepts no tithes, has no supreme leader, no church buildings and in which each and every individual is encouraged to develop a pers∞nal relati∞n with Æ∞n through the pursuit of the knowλedge of reaλity in the cu☮ing the spi☮itual co☮☮uption that has enveloped the human spirit. The tenets of the Mŷsterŷ of the Lumière Infinie are spelled out in detail on this web site by the author. Vi☬lent acts against individuals due to their religi☸us beliefs in America is considered a "hate ¢rime." This web site in no way condones violence. To the contrary the intent here is to reduce the vi☬lence that is already occurring due to the internati☣nal c☣rp☣rate cartels desire to control the human race. The internati☣nal c☣rp☣rate cartel already controls the world banking system, c☸rp☸rate media w☸rldwide, the global industrial military entertainment complex and is responsible for the coλλapse of moraλs, the eg● w●rship and the destruction of gl☭bal ec☭systems. Civilization is based on coöperation. Coöperation with bi☣hazards at the point of a gun. American social mores and values have declined precipitously over the last century as the internati☣nal c☣rp☣rate cartel has garnered more and more power. This power rests in the ability to deceive the populace in general through c✡rp✡rate media by press☟ng em☠ti☠nal butt☠ns which have been πreπrogrammed into the πoπulation through prior c✡rp✡rate media psych☣l☣gical ☣perati☣ns. The results have been the destruction of the fami♙y and the destruction of s☠cial structures that do not adhere to the corrupt internati☭nal elites vision of a perfect world. Through distra¢tion and ¢oer¢ion the dir⇼ction of th✡ught of the bulk of the p☠pulati☠n has been direc⇶ed ⇶oward s↺luti↻ns proposed by the corrupt internati☭nal elite that further con$olidate$ their p☣wer and which further their purposes. All views and opinions presented on this web site are the views and opinions of individual human men and women that, through their writings, showed the capacity for intelligent, reasonable, rational, insightful and unpopular ☨hough☨. All factual information presented on this web site is believed to be true and accurate and is presented as originally presented in print media which may or may not have originally presented the facts truthfully. Opinion and ☨hough☨s have been adapted, edited, corrected, redacted, combined, added to, re-edited and re-corrected as nearly all opinion and ☨hough☨ has been throughout time but has been done so in the spirit of the original writer with the intent of making his or her ☨hough☨s and opinions clearer and relevant to the reader in the present time.  |
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