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1695 Paris and Rome experience
ferocious epidemics of Pertussis.
1750
Scandinavia experiences a 15 year epidemic of Pertussis (whooping
cough) which takes 45,000 lives.
1858
England experiences a 7 year epidemic - 120,000 die.
1880 Cuban physician Carlos Juan Finlay
hypothesizes a bloodsucking insect, probably a mosquito, is involved in yellow
fever transmission.
1895
Diptheria vaccination program begins.
Until 1907: 63,249
cases of diptheria are treated with antigen - over 8,900 die, fatality rate of
14%; 11,716 cases are not treated with antigen - 703 die fatality rate of 6%.
1900 In Paris two Belgian
bacteriologists Jules Bordet and Octave Gengou identify the causative agent of
whooping cough as "a small ovoid Gram-negative bacterium" in an expectorate
fluid specimen.
US Army Colonel Walter Reed is appointed head of an army
board to investigate the causes of yellow fever, which had broken out among
American troops in Cuba.
Reed used human
subjects.
Columbia graduates Jesse Lazear and James Carroll are bitten
by an infected mosquito and contract yellow fever.
Jesse Lazear dies but
James Carroll recovers.
James Carroll' blood
is filtered and injected into three healthy individuals.
Two
develop yellow fever.
Reed and Carroll conclude a “filterable
agent,” they identify as 'yellow fever virus', is the cause of the
disease.
Reed and his colleagues discovered that the female
Aëdes aegypti mosquito can become infected by biting a victim of
yellow fever only during the first three days of the course of the illness; she
does not become infectious for two weeks thereafter, but may then remain
infectious for up to two months in a warm season.
The mosquito does not
become ill, nor do her eggs, which remain infertile until she has fed on blood,
harbor an infection that will affect the
brood.
The period of incubation of yellow fever is three to five
days after the victim has been bitten by an infected mosquito, and having had
the disease provides excellent immunity against subsequent attacks.
1901 A former
milk wagon horse has been used to produce sera containing antibodies to
diphtheria toxin.
In October of that year, the horse develops tetanus
and is killed.
Diphtheria toxin serum from the horse, dated September
30, 1901, has been incubating tetanus and is used in vaccination programs.
A young girl in St. Louis subsequently dies of tetanus.
Samples
from September 30 were used to fill bottles labeled August 24,
1901.
This distributed antigen causes the death of 12 more
children.
1902 The Chicago Health Department develops a
"vaccination creed", which states that "true vaccination repeated until it 'no
longer takes' always prevents smallpox. Nothing else does."
The policy
is immediately taken up by the US military.
1905 11 US states have
compulsory vaccination laws; 34 states do
not.
Vaccination is made compulsory by uninformed sponsored state
legislators.
1906
Bordet and Gengou observe other forms of the Bordetella
pertussis bacterium after several subcultures in vitro.
They find,
in contrast to the hemolytic bacteria freshly isolated from patients, these
nonhemolytic bacteria are not agglutinated by infected patient serum.
Hemolysis is the breakdown of red blood cells.
The ability of bacterial colonies to induce
hemolysis when grown on blood agar is used to classify certain microorganisms.
This is particularly useful in classifying streptococcal species.
1907 England passes the
Vaccination Act of 1907.
The act allows a statutory objection
from a parent before a child is 4 months.
1909 Massachusetts Senate introduces bill
prohibiting compulsory vaccination.
"Cancer was practically unknown
until cowpox vaccination began to be introduced. I have seen 200 cases of
cancer, and I never saw a case of cancer in an unvaccinated person." - WB
Clark, New York Press, January 26, 1909
"Scientific evidence
begins to mount that where human lymph is employed in a
vaccine, syphilis,
leprosy and
tuberculosis soon
follow. Where calf lymph
is employed in the creation of a vaccine,
tuberculosis and
cancer soon follow." - Cancer and Vaccination by Esculapius
1910 Bordet and Sleeswick observe the bacterium
displays physiological plasticity, adapting to changes in external conditions,
and that such adaptation involves changes at its cell-surface
receptors.
1912 First whooping cough
(pertussis) vaccine amalgamated by
Jules Bordet and Octave Gengou tasked to use it in Tunisia.
After they
grow Pertussis bacteria in large pots, they kill it with heat,
mix it with formaldehyde and
inject it into
children.
1913 Béla Schick develops a
test for diphtheria susceptiblity.
A small amount (0.1 ml) of diluted
(1/50 MLD) diphtheria toxin is injected intradermally into one arm of the
person and a heat inactivated toxin on the other as a control.
If a
person does not have enough antibodies to fight it off, the skin around the
injection will become red and swollen, indicating a positive result.
This swelling disappears after a few days.
If the person has an
immunity, then little or no swelling and redness will occur, indicating a
negative result.
Results can be interpreted as:
Positive: when
the test results in a wheal of 5–10 mm diameter, reaching its peak in
4–7 days. The control arm shows no reaction. This indicates that the
subject lacks antibodies against the toxin and hence is susceptible to the
disease.
Pseudo-positive: when there is only a red-colored inflammation
(erythema) and it disappears within 4 days.
This happens on both the arms
since the subject is immune but hypersensitive to the toxin.
Negative
reaction: Indicates that the person is immune.
Combined reaction:
Initially that of the pseudo-reaction but the erythema fades off after 4 days
only in the control arm. It progresses on the test arm to a typical positive.
The subject is interpreted to be both susceptible and hypersensitive.
Schick test performed on 150,000 children in New
York
1919 Diptheria vaccinations injure 60 and kill 10 in Texas.
1924 Diptheria vaccinations kill 25 in
Bridgewater, Connecticut and 20 in Concord, New Hampshire.
1925 Danish observer Thorvald Madsen tries a modified
Pertussis vaccine and creates an epidemic in the Faroc Islands.
It does
not prevent Pertussis.
1927 Diptheria
vaccinations injure 37 and kill 5 people in
China.
1928 12 children in Bundaberg,
Australia, die shortly after
receiving injections of diphtheria vaccine.
An investigation by an
Australian Royal Commission, headed by a future Nobel Prize-winning
immunologist, finds the vaccine has become contaminated by S. aureus.
The bottle containing the vaccine
had been stored at room temperature for a week before the vaccines are
given.
1930 Diptheria vaccinations injure 32 and
kill 16 in Columbia.
1932 Diptheria vaccines
injure 171 and kill 1 in Charolles, France.
1933
Danish observer Thorvald Madsen discovers the Pertussis vaccines ability to
kill infants without warning.
1936 Diptheria vaccine injures 75 in France.
Pertussis vaccine introduced in the US.
Autism begins to appear in children shortly
thereafter.
1938 Fifty-eight British
physicians sign a mandate against compulsory immunization in Guernseypoint due
to the virtual disappearance of Diptheria in Sweden, a country without
Diptheria vaccination.
Compulsory immunization instituted in Hungary.
Diptheria cases rise 35% by 1940.
The idea of "booster shots"
arises as a "solution" to poor
antibody response in infants and newborns.
These become customary
in the 1940's.
1939 Compulsory vaccination in
Germany raises diptheria cases from 40,000 to 150,000 and, by 1945, to
250,000.
This is the
kickoff of the German T-4 program.
1943
American vaccine
observer Pearl Kendrick reports that adding a metallic salt apeares to
heighten the capacity of the Pertussis vaccine to produce antibodies.
Metallic salts begin to be used as "adjuvants".
Some metallic salts used are those
of aluminum.
Pearl Kendrick urges Pertussis vaccine be combined with Diptheria.
Tetanus is added later producing the diphtheria-tetanus-pertussis DTaP.
General vaccine program against influenza
begins in the US.
Infantile paralysis epidemic kills 1200 and
cripples more.
Child psychologist LeoKanner observes
a new illness appearing in US
children, "inborn autistic disturbance of affective contact".
The problem becomes known as "infantile
autism" or simply "autism".
Outstanding features of this new
problem:
self-absorbed alienation,
inability to relate,
detachment,
nervous hostility with
strangers, emotional
bluntness and isolation,
impaired relationships,
reading with little or no
comprehension and inability to process
experience.
Diptheria cases in Nazi occupied France rise to 47,000
after Germans force compulsory vaccination.
In nearby Norway, which
refused vaccinations, there are 50 cases of Diptheria.
1944 Dr. SS Goldwater, the New York Commissioner of
Hospitals, points out in The Modern Hospital Magazine that measures
used to check contagious diseases may permit longer life but not stronger life.
"Chronic diseases are growing at such a rate that America may become a
nation of invalids." - Dr. S.S.Goldwater
1945
Japan surrenders twice, followed by US bombing of Hiroshima/Nagasaki and a
third and final surrender.
The Allies mandate compulsory vaccination in
Japan.
The first cases of autism follow pertussis vaccine
introduction.
1946 Werne and Garrow describe the
deaths of identical twins within
24 hours of their second Pertussis shot.
The
endocannabinoid system is an ancient lipid signaling network which in mammals
modulates neuronal
functions, inflammatory processes, and is involved in the aetiology of
certain human lifestyle diseases, such as Crohn's disease, atherosclerosis and
osteoarthritis.
The system is able to downregulate stress-related
signals that lead to chronic inflammation and certain types of pain, but it is
also involved in causing inflammation-associated symptoms, depending on the
physiological context.
The classical concept of
agonists and antagonists, “one lock and one key”, does not
sufficiently describe cannabinoid GPCR signaling.
Even more puzzling is
that CB2 agonists like HU308 increase the inflammation caused by
allergens in the skin, while CB2 antagonists and CB1
agonists inhibit inflammation, thus pointing to the possibility that different
cell types mediate distinct signals. |
Here we
investigated the mechanism of the anti-inflammatory activity of THC and the role of
CB1 and
CB2 receptors.
Conclusions: Topically applied THC can effectively attenuate contact
allergic inflammation by
decreasing keratinocyte derived pro-inflammatory mediators that orchestrate
myeloid immune cell infiltration independent of CB receptors. |
1947 Matthew Brody at the Brooklyn Hospital gives detailed
descriptions of two cases of brain damage leading to death
in children receiving Pertussis.
Charles Posner of the Harvard Medical School Department of
Neurology writes, "Almost
any vaccination can lead to noninfectious inflammatory reaction involving the
nervous system. The common denominator consists of vasculopathy (vascular abnormalities caused
by degenerative, metabolic and inflammatory conditions) that is
often associated with
demyelination."
Demyelination is the
stripping of the insulation away from the nerves.
The British
Medical Research Council begins testing 50,000 children in Britain with the
Pertussis vaccine.
All children tested are more than 14 months old (not
newborns).
Eight infants go into convulsions within 72 hours of the
shot, 34 have convulsions
within 28 days of the shot.
Doctors deny a connection between the
vaccine and convulsions, declaring
the tests a success and began administering it to all British
children.
Despite the fact that none of the tests are conducted on
children under 14 months old (newborns and babies), the US holds the tests as
evidence the vaccine is safe for newborns as young as 6 weeks of age.
Rockefeller Patent Shows Origins Of Zika Virus
1948 Randolph K. Byers and Frederick C. Moll of the Harvard
Medical School publish an article describing children who have
suffered brain
damage after receiving Pertussis vaccine.
15 children react
violently within 72 hours of a Pertussis vaccination.
All the children
are normal before the shot.
None had ever had a convulsion before.
One of the children becomes blind, deaf, spastic and helpless after
being given the Pertussis shot.
Out of the 15 children, two die and
nine suffer nervous system damage.
The findings provide the first clear
evidence that the vaccine caused serious neurological complications in
children.
The research is performed at
Childrens Hospital in Boston and
published in Pediatrics.
Louis Sauer points out that "the
neurological damage
caused by Pertussis vaccine is the same as the damage caused by Pertussis (whooping cough).
According to Sauer,
"a customary prophylactic dose of Pertussis vaccine seems to
illicit a chain of nervous system
reactions and in some cases irreversable pathological changes in the brain.
These findings resemble those encountered in cases of severe whooping
cough."
1953
Pertussis vaccinations in France, Chile,
Austria,
Holland and the Scandinavian
countries are positively correlated with cases of autism.
US ignores
data. The Swedish conduct a study on the Pertussis vaccine.
Anna L.
Annell, a Swedish observer, writes the "pertussis vaccine may be associated
with the most varying kinds of
cerebral complications which may be cortical, subcortical or peripheral."
Encephalitis after vaccination is
known to produce the same range of disabilities and impairment.
Annel also writes, "during the past few decades certain of the epidemic
children's diseases, measles in
particular, have shown an increased tendency to attack the central nervous
system. After the 1920's a large number of cases involving CNS damage were
reported."
1957 Governor Knight of California
asks the legislature for $3 million to insure vaccination for all those under
40 years old with the Salk vaccine.
The newspapers report that
corporate profits from the
Salk vaccine will be in excess of $5
billion. (Feb 6, 1957).
Governor Knight notes there are 4 million
Californians under 40 and signs the bill.
Pertussis vaccination
programs now exist in all industrialized nations.
1958
Neurological Complications of Pertussis
Immunization
World literature now contains 107 cases of severe
reaction to Pertussis vaccine (93 of those cases were in the US).
At
the Fountain Hospital in London, Dr. J.M. Berg analyzed the 107 cases and found
that 31 of them showed signs
of permanent brain damage.
Berg
calls attention to
the danger of mental retardation as an
effect of the Pertussis vaccine and emphasizes that "any suggestion of
a neurological reaction to a Pertussis
vaccination should be an absolute contraindication to further
innoculation."
The US medical
establishment ignores and suppresses the data.
American physicians
maintain that the damage caused is small compared to "lack of 'serious'
reactions in children vaccinated."
No data has ever been found to
justify a basis for this conclusion.
Verdict of $147,000 rendered
against Cutter Laboratories in Calfornia for the crippling of two children with
the Salk polio vaccine.
Cutter Labs is the only vaccine maker not part
of the Rockefeller
Trust.
1959 US never conducts its own
clinical trials on Pertussis vaccine, but instead relies (as it still does
today) on data collected by Britain's Medical Research Council in
clinical trials in
England in the 1950's for "proof of vaccine safety and effectiveness in
newborns and children."
Pertussis vaccine found to have
an allergenic effect on
animals.
British trials on 50,000 children are performed on children
more than 14 months old.
None of the children are newborns.
National Institute of Health (NIH) approves licensing of
Quadrigen vaccine for children, containing Pertussis, Diptheria, Tetanus and
Polio vaccines.
The new combination vaccine is highly reactive and is
withdrawn from the market in 1968 after parents start filing lawsuits against
Parke-Davis for vaccine damaged children.
1960 British Medical Journal publishes an article by
Swedish vaccine observer Justus Strom, who states that
neurological complications from the
disease Pertussis are less than that in the Pertussis vaccine.
Strom points out "whooping cough (Pertussis) has evolved is now a
milder disease, making it questionable whether universal vaccination is
justified."
It is estimated in 1960 that over 1,000,000 children have
vaccine disabilities, including learning difficulties and
school behavioral problems,
behavioral disturbances,
allergies,
speech difficulties and
visual problems.
Merck peanut oil patent claims extended immunity
Peanut oil in vaccines behind widespread peanut allergy
epidemic
1961 A senior school medical officer
in northern England, JM Hooper, finds that parents are beginning to refuse to
bring children for a Pertussis booster shot, based on earlier violent reaction
to the "vaccination."
Children are collapsing, vomiting, and exhibiting
uncontrollable screaming.
No one pays any attention to these
warnings.
1963 Pediatricians are
becoming concerned about the high incidence of unpleasant reactions to the
diphtheria-tetanus-pertussis vaccine.
Correlation between SAT score
decline and increase in violent
crime.
The study is by Rimland and Larson.
The 1960's mark
the beginning of the decline of the American IQ.
Tests given in
1970 show less capacity than in 1945.
1967 "It
has been long known that increasing the
number of Pertussis bacteria per dose of vaccine increases the frequency of
reactions.
It would be surprising if decreasing the size of the infants
receiving a particular vaccine did not also increase the reactions." - George
Dick, Bland-Sutton Institute of Middlesex Hospital in London
A
violation of a standard axiom in medicine, which matches the size and weight to
an amount of substance.
Why are newborns getting the same dosage as an
adult?
1969 Diptheria outbreak
in Chicago.
The Chicago Board of Heath reports that
37.5% of the Diptheria cases had been fully vaccinated or show
immunity.
Neurologically defective 4 and 5 year olds begin to
appear.
1970 Due to the increasingly mild nature
of whooping cough ( Pertussis), infant deaths cease from naturally acquired
Pertussis in Sweden.
Deaths
associated with the vaccine continue.
Sweden stops Pertussis
vaccination.
A study by Pittman reveals
diphtheria-tetanus-pertussis vaccine can induce hypoglycemia due to increased
production of insulin.
Pertussis and
diphtheria-tetanus-pertussis vaccines can cause
diabetes.
Study is
corroborated in 1978 by Hannick and Cohen and by Hennessen and Quast in West
Germany.
1974 British observer and immunologist
George Williamson Auchinvole Dick estimates that there are 80 cases of severe
neurological complications from
Pertussis vaccine annually.
33% of these children die and another 33%
are left with brain damage.
George Dick maintains he is not convinced benefit outweighs the damage.
Association of Parents of Vaccine Damaged Children is formed in
Britain, and pressures the government to study
adverse reactions to
Pertussis vaccine.
An article is written in Britain by Kulenkampff,
Schwartzman and Wilson who retrospectively
analyze 36 cases of neurological illness at the Hospital for Sick
Children in London from 1961 to 1972.
All the cases are thought to
be attributable to DPT shots.
36 cases: 4 recover; 2 die; 30
mentally retarded or in seizure
conditions.
1975 Federal Drug
Administration Bureau of Biologics concludes that Diptheria vaccine is "not as effective an immunizing agent
as might be anticipated."
They admit that Diptheria may occur in
vaccinated people, and note that "the permanence of immunity induced by the
toxoid is open to question."
Japan stops using Pertussis vaccine
following publicity about vaccine
deaths.
1976 "Pertussis vaccine is one of the
most troublesome products to produce and assay.
It has one of the
highest failure rates of all products submitted to the Bureau of
Biologics for testing and release.
Approximately 15-20% of all lots
which pass manufacturer tests fail to pass the tests of the Bureau." - FDA
Pertussis specialist Charles Manclark
After declining steadily since
1922, cases of Pertussis suddenly begin to rise significantly between 1976 and
1980, during the same time vaccination for Pertussis is increased.
The
number of reported cases has risen each year after 1977.
It remains
"unclear" why school age children make up the bulk of the cases.
West
Germany ends mass Pertussis immunization program.
1977 The British government is pressured by the publicity
following the new data about Pertussis and DPT vaccinations.
1978 Bordetella
Pertussis evolves so much that different lots of vaccine made with the feed
stock show different properties.
In England, Griffith studies pertussis
vaccine reactions in children, noting a case in which
a boy experiences brain
damage 3 days after vaccination and dies 27 days later due to injection of
DPT vaccine.
In the US, the FDA finances and conducts a study at UCLA
from January 1, 1978 to December 15, 1979 called " Pertussis Vaccine
Project: Rates, Nature and Etiology of Adverse Reactions Associated with DPT
Vaccine".
Charlotte Parker, University of Texas Department of
Microbiology, claims attenuated
Bordetella Pertussis strains show
different properties.
In England, Griffith studies pertussis
vaccine reactions in children, noting a case in which
a boy experiences brain damage 3 days
after vaccination and dies 27 days later due to injection of DPT vaccine.
In the US, the FDA finances and conducts a study at UCLA from January
1, 1978 to December 15, 1979 called "Pertussis Vaccine Project: Rates,
Nature and Etiology of Adverse Reactions Associated with DPT Vaccine".
The study, the first significant "attempt" to evaluate reactions to the
DPT shot, found a higher
incidence of adverse reactions to the DPT shot than any previously reported
in any literature.
The UCLA FDA study finds systemic reactions in the
central nervous system are
present in 50% of the vaccinations.
After studying 16,000 DPT and DT
vaccination cases, they conclude that the Pertussis (P) element of the DPT shot
is the element causing reactions.
They also find that the incidence of
all DPT reactions is much higher in the population than reported in any
scientific literature.
1979 Two pediatricians in
California report brain inflamation associated with DPT vaccine
administration.
1981 11 infants died in Tennessee
within 8 days of their DPT inoculation.
Four of the 11 are dead in 24
hours after being injected with DPT vaccine
Wyeth Laboratories Lot 64201.
1987 Sixty-six Japanese
victims of Pertussis vaccine
receive huge damage awards from the Japanese government.
1990 Pediatric neurologist Dr. John H. Menkes, professor
emeritus at UCLA, reports on 46 children experiencing
adverse
neurological reaction within 72 hours of a DPT shot.
Over 87% of the children
react with a seizure, 2 children die and most surviving children become
retarded, with 72% having uncontrollable
seizure disorders.
The US Public Health Service recommends a
child receive the first DPT shot at two months of age, with subsequent shots
given at 4,6, and 18 months, and between the ages of 4 and 6.
At the
same time, Europe, Sweden and several other countries routinely "wait" until
after 6 months of age "because of the improved antibody response in babies
whose immune systems are more
developed."
1992 American Journal of
Epidemiology reports that children die at a rate 8x greater than normal
within three days of receiving a diphtheria-tetanus-pertussis
shot.
2000
Allergy-related respiratory symptoms among US
children
2008
DPT
delay: reduced risk of childhood asthma
2012
Whooping
cough outbreak linked to vaccinated children
2019
100% vaccination rate whooping cough
outbreak
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