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44,000 BC
Across a 4.5 meter (14.8 foot) section of rock wall, 3 meters (9.8
feet) above the floor of a hard-to-reach upper chamber of a site called Liang
Bulu'Sipong 4, wild pigs and dwarf buffalo called anoa face off against a group
of strangely tiny hunters in monochrome dark red.
The minerals that
form those layers include small traces of uranium, which over time decays into
thorium-230.
Unlike uranium, thorium isn't
water-soluble and can only get into rock via decay.
By measuring the
ratio of uranium-234 to thorium-230 in the rock, archaeologists can tell how
recently the rock layer formed.
The deposits have been slowly growing
over the hunting mural for at least 49,300 years, which means the painting
itself may be even older than that.
43,900-year-old cave painting is the oldest story ever
recorded
33,000 BC
Abstract visual
imagery is being painted on rocks,
skins,
faces and
clothes.
All that
is needed is a flat surface symbols can be drawn or mounted on.
30,000 BC
For the preservation of detailed first hand
experience and knowλedge of reaλity nothing compares with the written
word - first cut in
stone.
Douglas
Petrovich was conducting research from his home when
he found evidence of a
tablet called Sinai 115, from 1842 BC.
Dr Petrovich claims Israelites in
Egypt took 22 ancient Egyptian hieroglyphs and turned them into the original
Hebrew alphabet.
He found names of three biblical figures - Asenath,
Ahisamach and Moses. |
6000 BC Pictograms, symbols cut in rock, are in use in Egypt
and Mesopotamia.
Pictograms evolved into
hieroglyphics with verbs and phonetics.
2,000
The emergence of written
language in Egypt, the city states of the
Tigris and
Euphrates, and
China grew from the need
to orderly record and store information (logistics) as the population
expanded.
Verbal
communication can be shared with a wider audience of speakers if there exists a
symbol code that stands for the verbal utterances.
Oral Tradition
reveals how
mythological underpinnings embellish
actual events to the point in which they become unbelievable due to the
human tendency of exaggeration.
1st century
Romans are using the wood block
to print cloth.
1040 First
movable porcelain type printing press
technology for printing paper books is invented in China during the Northern
Song Dynasty by the inventor Bi Sheng.
Kaolin, also china clay, is soft
white clay mineral, with the chemical composition
Al2Si2O5(OH)4, that is the
essential ingredient in the manufacture of china and porcelain.
Kaolin
is dioctahedral phyllosilicate clay produced by the chemical weathering of
aluminium silicate minerals like feldspar.
1234 Goryeo Dynasty in Korea is using movable metal type
printing technology.
Goryeo dynasty survives until 1392 although they
were puppet rulers for the Mongols since 1258.
Korea is a 'tributary' state of China
until 1894 when Japan takes over.
In Korea there was a class of
scholar-officials called the yangban.
In order to join the civil
service or to become an army officer, you have to pass certain exams in
Confucian
thought.
In order to take the exams, you have to be the son of a
yangban.
The scholar-official class is hereditary.
Below the
yangban were a class of clerks and specialists - jungin (middle-men). Below
them was the peasants, craftsmen, and merchants called the yangmin. Certain
trades such as butchers, tanners, and entertainers are untoucable. At the bottom of the pyramid
are slaves.
1377 Oldest extant movable metal
print book, Jikji, is printed in Korea.
1450 Johannes Gensfleisch zur Laden
zum Gutenberg begins using a movable metal type printing
press.
Gutenberg creates his type pieces from an alloy of lead, tin, and
antimony.
These materials remained standard for 550 years.
1499 Sensational books are being printed with woodcuts on
their title pages depicting horrific scenes with
Vlad the Impaler dining at
a table surrounded by dead or dying people on poles. 1500 The continued development of paper and the printing press
makes bill posting possible in Europe.
1796
A new printing method, lithography, expands the
creative possibilities of advertising design.
Posting "bills" on wooden
boards creates billboards.
1850 "During the last half of the nineteenth century and the
first decades of the twentieth,
images began to
flood the streets of the cities.
Publications that had been limited
to text were now, thanks to new print technologies,
cluttered with
illustrations, so much so that some
critics even began complaining
about "over-illustration."
University of
Chicago historian Daniel Joseph Boorstin
found its source in the Graphic Revolution, a
remarkable rise in the quantity of visual material.
Everywhere in
America there was a new emphasis on
seeing.
An example was
the staging of department
store windows, carefully arranged to provide
maximum visual stimulation.
What
made the Graphic
Revolution revolutionary was less the quantity of images than
their effect on the
America mind.
Daniel J Boorstin was concerned the Graphic
Revolution encouraged image-thinking - thinking in
terms of an "artificial
imitation or representation of the
external form of any object,
especially of an
individual."
This came at the expense of
edifying thought - thought in terms of some ideal
or value toward which to strive.
The glut of images directs us to
the here and now, to
something immediately useful in the moment; the ideal directs us to
something above and
beyond, to something the
utility of which may not be readily apparent or invisible.
In the
opinion of Daniel J Boorstin the 'Graphic Revolution' was a moral
devolution as well because it
replaced aspiration with
gratification.
Print demanded think things through logically -
ratiocination.
It followed that a predominantly print-based society, as
America' was until the late 19th century, while not necessarily one coruscating
with intellectual brilliance, nevertheless was
one in which logic, order and
context prevailed.
An image-based society
dispenses with context,
logic and
order.
How much
logical discipline is needed to
recognize a image?" - Neil
Gabler
(Note: Orginally this library was image free but got no traction.
)
1884
George Eastman invents flexible photographic film.
1887 Thomas
Edison patents the motion picture camera.
1894 Thomas Edison, as
developer of the kinetograph, is the first to exploit stereotypes of Chinese on
film.
His company produces a 1½-minute film called Chinese Opium
Den.
1895 First public demonstration of
motion pictures in France.
1945 There were fewer than 7,000
working televison sets in
America and only nine stations on the air; three in
New York, two each in
Chicago and
Los Angeles, and one each in
Philadelphia and
Schenectady.
early 1960s
Televison imagery
saturates 92% of American homes.
The single greatest determining
factor in purchasing a television is the presence of small children in the
home. It keeps them
entrained.
These
televised moving images
beamed into the eyes of American children cause
a radical reformulation of
American perception, the abandonment of
the verbal art of
storytelling and the
embrace of zombie wastelands. |
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