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Nineteenth-century
militaries are organized around "foraging" principles.
Soldiers
extensively interact with locals to acquire supplies in the
conflict.
The Great War ushers in
a new systematized method of waging
warfare dependent on logistics which
avoids personal contact with the
populace.
As of World War I supplies
are shipped directly to the combat zone from centralized distribution
tremendously reducing personal contact with
locals.
High levels of mechanization separate
the two groups with steel plate.
"When you get into an MRAP, you have one person who has the ability to
connect to the people - up in the gunner's seat." - Lt. Gen. David
Rodriguez
1878 The Congress of Berlin
convened to discuss the Ottoman Empire, the "sick man" of Europe, following its
decisive defeat by Russia.
1881
Khroumir tribe raided is raiding across the border in
French Algeria so France
sends a 36,000 and occupies Tunisia.
1884
The French progressively assume more
administrative
positions.
They direct Tunisian administration of government bureaus
dealing with finance, post, education, telegraph, public works and
agriculture.
French settlements in the country are being actively
encouraged; the number of French colons grows from 10,000 in 1891, to 46,000 in
1911.
1911 Tunisian protesters clash
with the authorities of the French
Protectorate.
Tensions between Muslim Arabs and Italians in Tunis played
a major role in the Jellaz Affair.
Italian consul calculates
there are 105,000 Italians colons in Tunisia, compared with to 35,0000 French
colons.
Italians are banned from employment on public works or in the
colonial government unless they adopt French citizenship.
1912 A tram driven by an Italian knocks down and
kills an eight-year-old Tunisian Arab child at Bab Saadoun.
Tunisian
Arabs refused to ride on the city trams until a series of demands were
met.
The boycott, though unsuccessful, is considered an important step
in the development of the Tunisian nationalist movement.
1914
Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria, heir presumptive to the throne
of the Austrian-Hungarian Empire, and his wife, Sophie, Duchess of Hohenberg
are assassinated by Gavrilo Princip a foot soldier of the Serbian Black
Hand.
Serbia is asked to allow Austrian investigators to question the
mastermind Chief of Serbian Military Intelligence Rade Malobabic.
Serbia refuses.
28th July 1914
Austria declares war on Serbia.
Serbia is allied with
France and Russia.
1st August 1914
Germany, allied with Austria, declares war on
Russia.
3rd August 1914 Germany declares war on France.
German troops pour into Belgium for quick access to France.
The
British foreign secretary, Sir Edward Grey, sends an ultimatum to Germany
demanding their withdrawal from neutral Belgium - an ally of Great Britain.
4th August 1914 Germany does not
withdraw from Belgium and Great Britain - included
Australia, Canada,
India,
New Zealand and South
Africa - declare war on Germany.
23rd August 1914
Japan, an ally of Great Britain, declares war on Germany.
25th August 1914 Austria-Hungary
responds by declaring war on Japan.
29th October
1914 Türkey extends help to German naval bombardment
of Russia.
2nd November 1914 Russia declares war on
Türkey.
5th November 1914
Britain and France, Russia's allies, declare war on Türkey.
Central Powers Alliance
Austrian-Hungarian Empire
Western Alliance
Serbia
French Empire
Belgium
British Empire
Australia (colony of Great
Britain)
Canada (colony of Great Britain)
India (colony of Great Britain)
New Zealand (colony of Great Britain)
South Africa (colony of
Great Britain)
5 pm April 12,
1915
A dense fog drifts toward the Allied trenches.
5,000
metal cylinders of liquid chlorine are cracked open and
a deadly wall of Bayer
chartreuse mist descends down on the French lines at Ypres.
Five
miles long, as tall as a man, the greenish-yellow fog is inescapable.
The chlorine sears eyes - burns like vaporous flames at the nose, mouth
and throat leaving 15,000 causalities - one third dead, the rest
cripples.
100th
Anniversary, Poison Gas !
26th April, 1915 Italy joins
Western Alliance.
May 7, 1915 Sinking of the RMS
Lusitania
"The Morgan interests, in concert with
Winston Churchill, tried to bring the US into
World War I as early as 1915 and succeeded in doing so in 1917.
Woodrow
Wilson knew four days before hand that the Lusitania was carrying
six-million rounds of
ammunition plus explosives.
The British Board of Inquiry
under Lord Mersey was instructed by the British Government "it is considered
politically expedient that
Captain Turner, master of the Lusitania, be prominently blamed for the
disaster."
The blame is more fairly attributed to President Wilson,
"Colonel" House,
JP Morgan,
and Winston Churchill;
this conspiratorial elite should have been brought to trial for
willful
negligence, if not treason." -
Anthony Sutton
It was illegal for American
passengers to be aboard a ship carrying munitions.
The Imperial German
government takes out large ads in all the New York papers warning potential
passengers that the ship is carrying munitions and telling them not to cross
the Atlantic.
9th March 1916
Portugal joins Western
Alliance.
April 1916 Romania joins Western
Alliance.
December 4-31, 1916
KARMA OF UNTRUTHFULNESS
6th
April, 1917 US joins Western Alliance.
"The Rothschilds bought control of
Reuters International News
Agency, based in London, Havas of France, and Wolf in Germany, which
controlled the dissemination of news in Europe." - Eustace Mullins
"International bankers
under the House of Rothschild acquired an interest in the
three leading European news
agencies." - Kent Cooper
German Rothschilds loan money to the
Germans, the British Rothschilds loan money to the British, and the French
Rothschilds loan money to the French while the Federal Reserve
provides liquidity with cash
infusions.
"The enormous fortune of
Ernest Cassel (a
close advisor of Edward VII) joined the firm of Vickers Sons with the Naval
Construction Company and the Maxim-Nordenfeldt Guns and Ammunition Company, a
fusion from which there arose the worldwide firm of Vickers Sons and Maxim.
House of Rothschild always knew more than could be found in the papers
and reports which arrived at the Foreign Office.
In other countries the
relations of the Rothschilds
extend to the throne.
Numerous diplomatic publications appeared
after the war revealing how strongly the hand of
Alfred de
Rothschild affected the politics of Central Europe during the twenty years
before the war." - Paul Emden
July 1, 1916
Nearly two million British artillery rounds bombard No Man's
Land.
The Allied attack began early in the morning.
Swaths
of broken ground prove ideal for machine gun emplacements.
British
casualties by the end of that first day are in excess of 57,000, over 19,000
dead, resulting in the loss of an entire generation of young men.
'Somme' puts a human face on a massive military
catastrophe
1917 German submarine warfare turned into
major issue by newspapers.
1918 Woodrow Wilson appoints
Bernard Mannes Baruch Chairman of the
War Industries Board.
Bernard Baruch controls all
domestic contracts for
Allied war materials.
"I probably had more power
than perhaps any other man did in the war." - Bernard Mannes Baruch appearing
before a select Congressional Committee
According to historian, James
Perloff, Bernard Baruch profited by approximately 200 million dollars during
World War I.
Eugene Isaac Meyer*, the son
of a partner in Lazard Freres, became head the War Finance Corporation.
Eugene Isaac Meyer later gained control of the
Washington Post.
Josephus Daniels* who was appointed Secretary of
the Navy choose as his under secretary Franklin D Roosevelt.
"Count
Mensdorff (Austrian Ambassador in London in 1914) thought that
Israel had won the War; they
had made it, thrived on it, profited by it.
It was their supreme revenge
on Christianity." - Colonel C. Repington
"The responsibility for the
last World War rests solely upon the shoulders of the international
financiers.
It is
upon them that rests the blood of millions of dead and millions of dying."
- Congressional
Record, 67th Congress, 4th Session, Senate Document No. 346
1918: How the Allies Floated to Victory on a Wave of
Oil
"In 1933 came the attempt by the Morgan firm to
install a fascist dictatorship in the US.
It was planned to be
a Fascist putsch to take
over the government and run it under a dictator on behalf of America's bankers
and industrialists.
A courageous individual emerged -
General Smedley Darlington
Butler, who blew the whistle on the Wall Street conspiracy." - Anthony
Sutton
financial
bonanzaWar
profits:
Gunpowder (DuPont):
1910 to
1914 yearly average $6,000,000;
1914 to 1918 yearly average $58,000,000.
Bethlehem Steel:
1910 -1914 yearly average $6,000,000;
1914
-1918 yearly average $49,000,000.
US Steel:
1909 -1914 yearly
average $105,000,000;
1914 -1918 yearly average $240,000,000.
Anaconda
Copper:
1910 -1914 yearly average $10,000,000;
1914 -1918
yearly average $34,000,000.
Utah Copper:
1910 - 1914 yearly
average $5,000,000;
1914 - 1918 yearly average of $21,000,000.
Central Leather Company:
1911 - 1914 yearly average $1,167,000.
1916 - $15,000,000.
General Chemical Company:
1911 - 1914
yearly average $800,000.
1916 - $12,000,000.
International Nickel Company:
1911 - 1914 yearly
average $4,000,000;
1916 - $73,000,000.
American Sugar Refining
Company:
1911 - 1914 yearly average $2,000,000;
1916 - $6,000,000.
"The shoe people sold Uncle Sam 35,000,000 pairs of hobnailed
service shoes.
There were 4,000,000 soldiers. Eight pairs, and more, to
a soldier.
My regiment during the war had only one pair to a soldier.
The leather people sold Uncle Sam hundreds of thousands of McClellan
saddles for the cavalry.
But there wasn't any American cavalry
overseas!
Somebody had a lot of mosquito netting.
They sold Uncle Sam 20,000,000 mosquito nets for the use of the
soldiers overseas.
Well, not one of these mosquito nets ever got to
France!
Anyhow, these thoughtful manufacturers wanted to make sure that
no soldier would be without his mosquito net, so 40,000,000 additional yards of
mosquito netting were sold to Uncle Sam.
$1,000,000,000 was spent by
Uncle Sam in building airplane engines that never left the ground!
Not
one plane, or motor, out of the billion dollars worth ordered, ever got into a
battle in France.
Undershirts for soldiers cost 14¢ to make and
uncle Sam paid 30¢ to 40¢ each for them – a nice little profit
for the undershirt manufacturer.
And the stocking manufacturer and the
uniform manufacturers and the cap manufacturers and the steel helmet
manufacturers – all got theirs.
Why, when the war was over some
4,000,000 sets of equipment – knapsacks and the things that go to fill
them – crammed warehouses.
One very versatile patriot sold Uncle
Sam twelve dozen 48-inch wrenches.
There was
only one nut ever
made large enough for these wrenches.
That is the one that holds the
turbines at Niagara Falls!
Still another had the brilliant idea that
colonels shouldn't ride in automobiles, nor should they even ride on horseback.
One has probably seen a picture of Andy Jackson riding in a buckboard.
Well, some 6,000 buckboards were sold to Uncle Sam for the use of
colonels!
Not one of them was used.
The shipbuilders made a lot
of profit.
More than $3,000,000,000 worth.
Some of the ships
were all right.
But $635,000,000 worth of them were made of wood and
wouldn't float!
The seams opened up – and they sank.
The
most crowning insolence of all the soldier was virtually blackjacked into
paying for his own ammunition, clothing, and food by being made to buy Liberty
Bonds.
Most soldiers got no money at all on pay days.
They
bought Liberty Bonds at $100 and sold them back – when they came back from
the war and couldn't find work – at $84 and $86.
And the
soldiers bought about $2,000,000,000 worth of
these bonds!" - Major General
Smedley Darlington
Butler USMC, War is a Racket!
War Treaty of Versailles
Under the War Treaty of Versailles, Poland is given a
"corridor" to the Baltic Sea, along with large areas of West Prussia
populated by Germans.
This "corridor" completely separates East Prussia making
trade and
communication
difficult to impossible.
During Allied discussions on the peace
treaty, David Lloyd
George, British Prime Minister, tapped this spot on the map and echoed the
words of his secretary said an evening before:
"This is where the next
world war will begin!"
Alsace-Lorraine is given back to France;
Saar region coal
mines are forcibly brought under French Protectorate;
Eupen,
Malmedy, Moresnet, and St. Vith is gifted to Belgium;
Northern
Schleswig is gifted to Denmark;
West
Prussia, Danzig, Posen and Upper Silesia are
gifted to Poland.
Rhineland and Memel are brought under the
League of
Nations and people of these regions were to vote in future, to decide
whether they want to remain in Germany or not.
League of Nations takes
control of land won by Germany under Treaty of Brest-Litovsk.
Some of this land is gifted to
Poland and some made into the new states of Estonia,
Lithuania and
Latavia.
The Habsburg
empire is first cut into two separate countries; Austria and Hungary who then
had to sign two separate treaties;
Austria is forced to sign
Treaty of Saint Germain; Hungary is forced to sign
Treaty of Trianon.
Several Pieces
of Hapsburg empire - Hultschin(Hlucín), Opava (Glubczyce), Bohemia,
Moravia, Opava Silesia and the
western part of Duchy of Cieszyn, Slovakia and
Carpathian Ruthenia form
the new Czechoslovakia.
"The Ore
Mountains area played an important role in contributing Bronze Age ore, and
as the setting of the earliest stages of the early modern transformation of
mining and metallurgy from a craft to a large-scale industry.
The Ore
Mountains are extremely rich in both tin, copper, silver and lead
ores.
As early as 2500 BC in Únĕtice culture we find highly
developed mining industry.
Tin mining knowledge spread to other
European tin mining districts from Erzgebirge and evidence of tin mining begins
to appear in Brittany, Devon and Cornwall, and in the Iberian Peninsula around
2000 BC." - Goran Pavlovic
Several pieces
of Austria - Galicia, eastern part of Duchy of Cieszyn, northern county of
Orava and northern Spisz are gifted to
Poland.
Several
pieces of Austria - Bolzano-Bozen and Trieste are gifted to
Italy.
Several pieces of Hungary -
Bosnia and
Herzegovina, Croatia-Slavonia, Dalmatia, Slovenia, and Vojvodina are gifted
to Serbia to form the Kingdom of the Serbs, Croats and Slovenes, later
Yugoslavia.
Several pieces of Habsburg Empire Austria-Hungary -
Transylvania and Bukovina are gifted to Romania.
All states of Eastern Europe became
the hub of large national minorities.
One eighth of ethnic Germans
find themselves in the newly forged countries.
1⁄3 of ethnic Hungarians are living outside
of Hungary as minorities.
From its borders before World War I, Hungary
lost 72% of its territory, which was reduced from 325,111 square kilometers
(125,526 sq mi) to merely 93,073 square kilometers (35,936 sq mi).
It
also lost 64% of its total population, which was reduced from 20.9 million to
7.6 million, and 31% (3.3 out of 10.7 million) of ethnic Hungarians suddenly
found themselves living outside the newly defined borders of Hungary.
Hungary lost five of its ten most populous cities and
was deprived of direct access to
the sea and of some of its most
valuable natural resources.
The total sum due to be paid by Germany as war reparations was decided
by an Inter-Allied Reparations Commission at 269 billion gold marks (the
equivalent of around 100,000 tonnes of pure gold). |
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