Athens

622 BC The aristocrats rule Athens.

The economy depended on surrounding farms, especially the large estates owned by rich noble families, the aristocracy.

Nearly all government decisions and operations are in the hands of a half-dozen leaders called archons and lesser officials called magistrates.

The problem of debt magnified the hatred of the commoners against the aristocrats.

A poor farmer had to borrow seeds from a rich landowner to plant his crops.

The farmer was supposed to pay back this debt with a percentage of his harvest - this is share cropping.

Those without land had to work as tenants by renting farm plots.

Draco carves his laws on an oak column.

According to Aristotle, one of the few ancient sources we have for Draconian Law, these magik runes are stained with human blood, not ink.

Draconian laws severely punished lawbreakers.

594 BC Seeing disaster looming, both the aristocracy and common people of Athens support the election of Solon as primary archon.

Athenians grant Solon, age 35, nearly unlimited powers to write new laws.

The Athenians chose Solon to mediate their crisis for several reasons.

The aristocrats like that he is of noble birth.

The commoners trusted him as a merchant who trades for a living.

Solon suggested that all the citizens of Athens were responsible for the common good - not just the ruling archons and magistrates.

Solon attempted to make the court system fair to the lower classes.

"To the people I have given such honor as is sufficient, neither taking away nor granting them more.

For those who had power and were great in riches, I greatly cared that they should suffer nothing wrong.

Thus I stood, holding my strong shield over both, and I did not allow either side to prevail against justice." - Solon

He made it possible for any citizen to step forward and seek justice.

Before only the actual victim of wrongdoing could make a complaint.

The powerful could easily threaten victims to discourage complaints.

Solon’s law code is based on two fundamental principles.

The first is laws are fixed and not easily changed.

The second is laws must apply equally to everyone, aristocrats and commoners alike.

Solon’s code of law covered virtually every aspect of life—theft, treason, taxation, vagrancy, adoption, boundaries, loans, and religion, among many others.

Solon rejected all but one Draconian law — the homicide law.

Solon’s laws differed greatly from Draco’s code.

He made it a crime to publicly speak evil of either the living or the dead.

Solon allowed a husband to kill an adulterer caught in the act.

A theft committed at night or in a public place carried a weighter penalty.

Solon’s laws focused on compensating victims and preventing future conflicts.

404 BC Spartan imposes an oligarchy that rules Athens after the Peloponnesian War.

Thirty commissioners are appointed to the oligarchy led by Critias.

The oppressive regime fosters a bloody purge, in which perhaps 1,500 residents are killed.

Moderates flee the city; gather a force, they returned to defeat the tyrants’ forces in a battle at Piraeus in 403.

This web site is not a commercial web site and is presented for educational purposes only.

This website defines a new perspective with which to engage reality to which its author adheres. The author feels that the falsification of reality outside personal experience has forged a populace unable to discern propaganda from reality and that this has been done purposefully by an international corporate cartel through their agents who wish to foist a corrupt version of reality on the human race. Religious intolerance occurs when any group refuses to tolerate religious practices, religious beliefs or persons due to their religious ideology. This web site marks the founding of a system of philosophy named The Truth of the Way of the Lumière Infinie - a rational gnostic mystery religion based on reason which requires no leap of faith, accepts no tithes, has no supreme leader, no church buildings and in which each and every individual is encouraged to develop a personal relation with the Creator and Sustainer through the pursuit of the knowledge of reality in the hope of curing the spiritual corruption that has enveloped the human spirit. The tenets of the Truth of the Way of the Lumière Infinie are spelled out in detail on this web site by the author. Violent acts against individuals due to their religious beliefs in America is considered a "hate crime."

This web site in no way condones violence. To the contrary the intent here is to reduce the violence that is already occurring due to the international corporate cartels desire to control the human race. The international corporate cartel already controls the world economic system, corporate media worldwide, the global industrial military entertainment complex and is responsible for the collapse of morals, the elevation of self-centered behavior and the destruction of global ecosystems. Civilization is based on coöperation. Coöperation does not occur at the point of a gun.

American social mores and values have declined precipitously over the last century as the corrupt international cartel has garnered more and more power. This power rests in the ability to deceive the populace in general through corporate media by pressing emotional buttons which have been preprogrammed into the population through prior corporate media psychological operations. The results have been the destruction of the family and the destruction of social structures that do not adhere to the corrupt international elites vision of a perfect world. Through distraction and coercion the direction of thought of the bulk of the population has been directed toward solutions proposed by the corrupt international elite that further consolidates their power and which further their purposes.

All views and opinions presented on this web site are the views and opinions of individual human men and women that, through their writings, showed the capacity for intelligent, reasonable, rational, insightful and unpopular thought. All factual information presented on this web site is believed to be true and accurate and is presented as originally presented in print media which may or may not have originally presented the facts truthfully. Opinion and thoughts have been adapted, edited, corrected, redacted, combined, added to, re-edited and re-corrected as nearly all opinion and thought has been throughout time but has been done so in the spirit of the original writer with the intent of making his or her thoughts and opinions clearer and relevant to the reader in the present time.

Fair Use Notice This site may contain copyrighted material the use of which has not always been specifically authorized by the copyright owner. We are making such material available in our efforts to advance understanding of criminal justice, human rights, political, economic, democratic, scientific, and social justice issues, etc. We believe this constitutes a 'fair use' of any such copyrighted material as provided for in section 107 of the US Copyright Law. In accordance with Title 17 U.S.C. Section 107, the material on this site is distributed without profit to those who have expressed a prior interest in receiving the included information for research and educational purposes. For more information see: www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/17/107.shtml. If you wish to use copyrighted material from this site for purposes of your own that go beyond 'fair use', you must obtain permission from the copyright owner.