 |
1938 PTFE
is discovered serendipitously by
DuPont chemist, Roy
Plunkett, who finds that a tank of gaseous tetrafluoroethylene
(C2F4) had polymerized to a white powder.
PFOA is
an essential ingredient in the making of stick-resistant Teflon, which is used
in cook-ware, clothing, bedding and an array of other household products.
PFOA was present in the blood of nearly all the 1,500 people tested in
the US, including young children.
Perfluorooctanoic acid is transferred
to fetuses in the womb.
Animal tests have shown that high doses of the PFOA causes liver
cancer, immune suppression and
developmental disorders.
PFOA exposure may increase cholesterol and
triglyceride levels in people.
Toxicologists have reported that levels
found in some children are as high as those found in chemical plant workers and
approach those that caused developmental problems in rats.
PFOA
persists in the environment indefinitly and has been found in the blood of
polar bears.
1951
DuPont has developed
applications for Teflon in commercial bread and
cookie-making; however the incorporation avoides the market for consumer
cookware due to potential problems associated with release of toxic gases if
stove-top pans are overheated in inadequately ventilated spaces.
The
pyrolysis of PTFE, detectable at 200 °C (392 °F), evolves several
fluorocarbon gases and a sublimate.
A study documented birds having
been killed by these decomposition products at 202 °C (396 °F), with
unconfirmed reports of bird deaths as a result of non-stick cookware heated to
as little as 163 °C (325 °F). Meat is usually fried between 204 and 232
°C (399 and 450 °F).
When pans are overheated beyond
approximately 350 °C (660 °F) the PTFE coating begins to dissociate,
releasing byproducts (PFOA) which can cause polymer fume fever in humans and can be lethal
to birds.
1981 DuPont internal memos indicated
that DuPont is aware of a study conducted by 3M that showed PFOA was harmful to
newborn rats, killing some and causing some to be born with eye and face
defects.
DuPont moves female employees out of PFOA areas at the plant
and tells them to consult physicians before getting pregnant but does not sound an
alarm.
2002 Pertluorooctanoic acid, or PFOA,
poses a "substantial risk of injury to human health or the
environment,"
including a risk of birth defects.
Most of the research is conducted by scientists for 3M incorporation,
which was the main manufacturer of PFOA until , when it voluntarily stopped
making it.
3M incorporation also removes its Scotchgard products from
the market because they contained a related
chemical.
DuPont is the
only US manufacturer of perfluorooctanoic acid. Seven other companies,
3M/Dynean, a unit of 3M, French incorporation Arkema, Japan's AGC
Chemical/Asahi Glass, Switzerland's Ciba Specialty Chemicals Holding &
Clariant, Japan's Daikin Industries and Italy's Solvay Solexis use PFOA in
other products such as textiles, automobile fuel systems, computer chips,
telecommunications equipment, electronic wiring, fire fighting foams and
certain paper.
These 8 companies use 75% of the PFOA - China uses
25%.
2004
DuPont proposes a settlement
with as many as 60,000 residents of Ohio and West Virginia of six area water
districts with ground water contamination with PFOA which the incorporation has
used to manufacture Teflon and other products since 1951.
2005 Minnesota residents claimed 3M discharged PFOA and
PFOS, perfluorooctanoic sulfonate, in Washington County contaminating ground
and well water.
The former medical director of DuPont reveals that more
than 20 years ago the corporation became aware of
birth defects in 2 of 8 children born
to women who worked at one of their facilities manufacturing Teflon.
Similar birth
defects occur in the general public at a rate of 2 in every 1,000 births.
Perfluorooctanoic acid can leach into food from packaging.
PFOA
is still used to coat food
packaging to keep oils from bleeding into the packaging. Some researchers
contend that the chemical can leach into french fries from the small bags used
typically by fast food chains.
Perfluorooctanoic acid can also leach
onto popcorn as the microwavable packaging is coated with a teflon-like
material.
Perfluorooctanoic acid is also used to coat
pizza delivery boxes.
When heated perfluorooctanoic acid can be released from the
packaging.
DuPont,
which continues to manufacture polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) resin or Teflon,
reached a $16.5 million settlement with the EPA to settle allegations the
incorporation hid information about the
of a toxic chemical known as
PFOA used in the manufacture of Teflon.
DuPont covered
up important information about PFOA's health effects and
about the pollution of water supplies near the incorporation's Washington Works
plant for 20 years.
Teflon is used as an inert in pesticide formulations
applied to growing crops or to raw agricultural commodities after
harvest.
People with the higher PFOA levels were more than twice as
likely to have thyroid diseases.
Teflon
Patents
Roy J. PLUNKETT, Wilmington, Del., assignor to Kinetic
Chemicals Inc.: "Tetrafluoroethylene Polymers"; US Patent 2,230,654; filed July
1, 1939; granted Feb. 4, 1941; French Patent (FR) 917,431; filed Nov. 14, 1945;
granted Jan. 7, 1947 (Kinetic Chemicals Inc. is a subsidiary of E. I. Du Pont
de Nemours, Wilmington, Delaware)
1995 Michael J. McCREERY, Xenia, Ohio,
assignor to the United States of America as represented by the Secretary of the
Army: "Topical skin protectants", US Patent 5,607,979; filed May 30, 1995;
granted March 4, 1997 |
|
 |
This web site is not a commercial web site and
is presented for educational purposes only.
This website defines a
new perspective with which to engage reality to which its author adheres. The
author feels that the falsification of reality outside personal experience has
forged a populace unable to discern propaganda from reality and that this has
been done purposefully by an international corporate cartel through their
agents who wish to foist a corrupt version of reality on the human race.
Religious intolerance occurs when any group refuses to tolerate religious
practices, religious beliefs or persons due to their religious ideology. This
web site marks the founding of a system of philosophy named The Truth of the
Way of the Lumière Infinie - a rational religion based on reason which requires no leap of
faith, accepts no tithes, has no supreme leader, no church buildings and in
which each and every individual is encouraged to develop a personal relation
with the Creator and Sustainer through the pursuit of the knowledge of reality
in the hope of curing the spiritual corruption that has enveloped the human
spirit. The tenets of The Truth of the Way of the Lumière Infinie are spelled out in detail on
this web site by the author. Violent acts against individuals due to their
religious beliefs in America is considered a "hate crime."
This web site
in no way condones violence. To the contrary the intent here is to reduce the
violence that is already occurring due to the international corporate cartels
desire to control the human race. The international corporate cartel already
controls the world economic system, corporate media worldwide, the global
industrial military entertainment complex and is responsible for the collapse
of morals, the elevation of self-centered behavior and the destruction of
global ecosystems. Civilization is based on cooperation. Cooperation does not
occur at the point of a gun.
American social mores and values have
declined precipitously over the last century as the corrupt international
cartel has garnered more and more power. This power rests in the ability to
deceive the populace in general through corporate media by pressing emotional
buttons which have been preprogrammed into the population through prior mass
media psychological operations. The results have been the destruction of the
family and the destruction of social structures that do not adhere to the
corrupt international elites vision of a
perfect world. Through distraction and coercion the direction of thought of
the bulk of the population has been directed toward solutions proposed by the
corrupt international elite that further consolidates their power and which
further their purposes.
All views and opinions presented on this web
site are the views and opinions of individual human men and women that, through
their writings, showed the capacity for intelligent, reasonable, rational,
insightful and unpopular thought. All factual information presented on this web
site is believed to be true and accurate and is presented as originally
presented in print media which may or may not have originally presented the
facts truthfully. Opinion and thoughts have been adapted, edited, corrected,
redacted, combined, added to, re-edited and re-corrected as nearly all opinion
and thought has been throughout time but has been done so in the spirit of the
original writer with the intent of making his or her thoughts and opinions
clearer and relevant to the reader in the present time.
Fair Use Notice
This site may contain copyrighted material the use of which has
not always been specifically authorized by the copyright owner. We are making
such material available in our efforts to advance understanding of criminal
justice, human rights, political, economic, democratic, scientific, and social
justice issues, etc. We believe this constitutes a 'fair use' of any such
copyrighted material as provided for in section 107 of the US Copyright Law. In
accordance with Title 17 U.S.C. Section 107, the material on this site is
distributed without profit to those who have expressed a prior interest in
receiving the included information for research and educational purposes. For
more information see: www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/17/107.shtml. If you wish to
use copyrighted material from this site for purposes of your own that go beyond
'fair use', you must obtain permission from the copyright owner. |
 Copyright
© Lawrence Turner
All Rights Reserved
|