|
1938 PTFE is discovered serendipitously by DuPont chemist, Roy
Plunkett, who finds that a tank of gaseous tetrafluoroethylene
(C2F4) had polymerized
to a white powder.
PFOA is an essential ingredient in the making of
stick-resistant Teflon, which is used in cook-ware, clothing, bedding and an
array of other household products.
PFOA was present in the blood of
nearly all the 1,500 people tested in the US, including young children.
Perfluorooctanoic acid is transferred
to fetuses in the womb.
Animal tests have shown that high doses of the PFOA causes liver
cancer, immune
suppression and
developmental
disorders.
PFOA exposure may increase cholesterol and triglyceride
levels in people.
Toxicologists have reported that levels found in some
children are as high as those found in chemical plant workers and approach
those that caused developmental problems in rats.
PFOA persists in the
environment indefintely and has been found in the blood of polar bears.
1951 DuPont has developed applications
for Teflon in commercial bread and cookie-making; however the incorporation
avoids the market for consumer cookware due to potential problems associated
with release of toxic gases if stove-top pans are overheated in
inadequately ventilated
spaces.
The pyrolysis of PTFE, detectable at 200 °C (392
°F), evolves several fluorocarbon gases and a sublimate.
A study
documented birds having been
killed by these decomposition products at 202 °C (396 °F), with
unconfirmed reports of bird deaths as a result of non-stick cookware heated to
as little as 163 °C (325 °F). Meat is usually fried between 204 and 232
°C (399 and 450 °F).
When pans are overheated beyond
approximately 350 °C (660 °F) the PTFE coating begins to dissociate,
releasing byproducts (PFOA) which can cause polymer fume fever in humans and can be
lethal to birds.
1981 DuPont
internal memos indicated that DuPont is aware of a study conducted by
3M that showed PFOA was harmful
to newborn rats, killing some and causing some to be born with eye and face
defects.
DuPont moves female employees out of PFOA areas at the plant
and tells them to consult physicians before getting pregnant but does not sound
an alarm.
2002 Pertluorooctanoic acid, or PFOA,
poses a "substantial risk of injury to human health or the
environment,"
including a risk of birth defects.
Most of the research is conducted by scientists for 3M incorporation,
which was the main manufacturer of PFOA until , when it voluntarily stopped
making it.
3M incorporation also removes its Scotchgard products from
the market because they contained a related
chemical.
DuPont is the
only US manufacturer of perfluorooctanoic acid. Seven other companies,
3M/Dynean, a unit of 3M, French incorporation Arkema, Japan's AGC
Chemical/Asahi Glass, Switzerland's Ciba Specialty Chemicals Holding &
Clariant, Japan's Daikin Industries and Italy's Solvay Solexis use PFOA in
other products such as textiles, automobile fuel systems, computer chips,
telecommunications equipment, electronic wiring, fire fighting foams and
certain paper.
These 8 companies use 75% of the PFOA - China uses
25%.
2004
DuPont proposes a
settlement with as many as 60,000 residents of Ohio and West Virginia of six
area water districts with ground water contamination with PFOA which the
incorporation has used to manufacture Teflon and other products since
1951.
2005 Minnesota residents claimed 3M
discharged PFOA and PFOS, perfluorooctanoic sulfonate, in Washington County
contaminating ground and well water.
The former medical director of
DuPont reveals that more
than 20 years ago the corporation became aware of
birth defects in 2 of 8 children born
to women who worked at one of their facilities manufacturing Teflon.
Similar birth
defects occur in the general public at a rate of 2 in every 1,000 births.
Perfluorooctanoic acid can leach into food from packaging.
PFOA
is still used to coat food
packaging to keep oils from bleeding into the packaging. Some researchers
contend that the chemical can leach into french fries from the small bags used
typically by fast food chains.
Perfluorooctanoic acid can also leach
onto popcorn as the microwavable packaging is coated with a teflon-like
material.
Perfluorooctanoic acid is also used to coat
pizza delivery boxes.
When heated perfluorooctanoic acid can be released from the
packaging.
DuPont, which continues to manufacture
polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) resin or Teflon, reached a $16.5 million
settlement with the EPA to settle allegations the incorporation hid information
about the of a toxic chemical known as
PFOA used in the manufacture of Teflon.
DuPont covered up important
information about PFOA's health effects and about the
pollution of water supplies near the incorporation's Washington Works plant for
20 years.
Teflon is used as an inert in pesticide formulations applied
to growing crops or to raw agricultural commodities after
harvest.
People with the higher PFOA levels were more than twice as
likely to have thyroid diseases.
Teflon Patents
Roy J. PLUNKETT, Wilmington, Del.,
assignor to Kinetic Chemicals Inc.: "Tetrafluoroethylene Polymers"; US Patent
2,230,654; filed July 1, 1939; granted Feb. 4, 1941; French Patent (FR)
917,431; filed Nov. 14, 1945; granted Jan. 7, 1947 (Kinetic Chemicals Inc. is a
subsidiary of E. I. Du Pont de Nemours,
Wilmington, Delaware)
1995 Michael J. McCREERY, Xenia, Ohio, assignor to
the United States of America as represented by the Secretary of the Army:
"Topical skin protectants", US Patent 5,607,979; filed May 30, 1995; granted
March 4, 1997
2020
Toxic
PFAS Fallout Found Near Incinerator in Upstate New York
Indiana-based
Companies in Charge of Incinerating Military’s PFAS Firefighting Foam
Stockpiles |
|
 |
This web site is not a commercial web site and
is presented for educational purposes only.
This website defines a
new perspective with which to engage reality to which its author adheres. The
author feels that the falsification of reality outside personal experience has
forged a populace unable to discern propaganda from reality
and that this has been done purposefully by an international corporate cartel
through their agents who wish to foist a corrupt version of reality on the
human race. Religious intolerance occurs when any group refuses to tolerate
religious practices, religious beliefs or persons due to their religious
ideology. This web site marks the founding of a system of philosophy named The
Truth of the Way of the Lumière Infinie - a rational gnostic mystery
religion based on reason which requires no leap of faith, accepts no tithes,
has no supreme leader, no church buildings and in which each and every
individual is encouraged to develop a personal relation with the Creator and
Sustainer through the pursuit of the knowledge of reality in the hope of curing
the spiritual corruption that has enveloped the human spirit. The tenets of The
Truth of the Way of the Lumière Infinie are spelled out in detail on
this web site by the author. Violent acts against individuals due to their
religious beliefs in America is considered a "hate crime."
This web site
in no way condones violence. To the contrary the intent here is to reduce the
violence that is already occurring due to the international corporate cartels
desire to control the human race. The international corporate cartel already
controls the world economic system, corporate media worldwide, the global
industrial military entertainment complex and is responsible for the collapse
of morals, the elevation of self-centered behavior and the destruction of
global ecosystems. Civilization is based on coöperation. Coöperation
does not occur at the point of a gun.
American social mores and values
have declined precipitously over the last century as the corrupt international
cartel has garnered more and more power. This power rests in the ability to
deceive the populace in general through corporate media by pressing emotional
buttons which have been preprogrammed into the population through prior mass
media psychological operations. The results have been the destruction of the
family and the destruction of social structures that do not adhere to the
corrupt international elites vision of a
perfect world. Through distraction and coercion the direction of thought of
the bulk of the population has been directed toward solutions proposed by the
corrupt international elite that further consolidates their power and which
further their purposes.
All views and opinions presented on this web
site are the views and opinions of individual human men and women that, through
their writings, showed the capacity for intelligent, reasonable, rational,
insightful and unpopular thought. All factual information presented on this web
site is believed to be true and accurate and is presented as originally
presented in print media which may or may not have originally presented the
facts truthfully. Opinion and thoughts
have been adapted, edited, corrected, redacted, combined, added to, re-edited
and re-corrected as nearly all opinion and thought has been throughout time but
has been done so in the spirit of the original writer with the intent of making
his or her thoughts and opinions clearer and relevant to the reader in the
present time.
Fair Use Notice
This site may contain
copyrighted material the use of which has not always been specifically
authorized by the copyright owner. We are making such material available in our
efforts to advance understanding of criminal justice, human rights, political,
economic, democratic, scientific, and social justice issues, etc. We believe
this constitutes a 'fair use' of any such copyrighted material as provided for
in section 107 of the US Copyright Law. In accordance with Title 17 U.S.C.
Section 107, the material on this site is distributed without profit to those
who have expressed a prior interest in receiving the included information for
research and educational purposes. For more information see:
www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/17/107.shtml. If you wish to use copyrighted
material from this site for purposes of your own that go beyond 'fair use', you
must obtain permission from the copyright owner. |
 Copyright
© Lawrence Turner
All Rights Reserved
|